The KEYNOTE-061 trial showed that pembrolizumab was not superior to chemotherapy in the second-line setting. 1,2 However, subsequent trial results were discouraging. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval and nivolumab was approved in Japan in the third-line metastatic setting (KEYNOTE-059 and ATTRACTION-2 trials, respectively), it appeared that immunotherapy would race forward into the first-line and adjuvant therapy settings. Three years ago, when pembrolizumab received U.S. Ongoing research could identify more predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy.Įmerging data from large randomized trials presented recently could lead to major clinical advances with immunotherapy in both the curative and noncurative settings for patients with gastric and esophageal cancers.
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